In 625 BC or twenty seven hundred years ago, New Babylonia or the country of Chaldeans was established.
As already described, the Chaldeans were talented to study astrology.
The giant structures were
built in New Babylonia and those were described in the record of Herodotus’s trip released in Greek in about 450 BC.
According to him, Babylon was a big city with squared street of 22 Km in one span, high castle wall of 100
meters height with 30 meters width observed. All doors of one hundred gates of wall were equipped with
heavy bronze guarded. He has described on the tall stone building in eight floors high. We can now find
many building in three or four floors excavated in the site of Babylon, however, we can not find a building of
eight floors height. Although the castle walls were destroyed, we can see the basement of wall in 30 meters width.
There was the famous story of the tower of BABEL.
B>Babylon was the place of cultural origin of the Arabic or Islamic
civilization that was developed in Arabian peninsula later started. Illustration in the left was a part of decoration
found in the palace of Chaldeans king of Babylonia.
In Babylonia, star gazing fortune tellers belonged executively to kings or powerful men. Most people
have asked a priest on many desires cherished. After offering a pray with sacrificed goat, the priest investigated the surface patters observed on the liver of goat. Then the priest gave oracle on
the desires placed. We can now see at the British Museum in London the records of samples of the surface of
a liver made in Babylonia in about forty five hundred years ago. In the historical record of China main land
in 1300 BC or some three thousand years ago, there was a fortune telling system to read crack patters on
the bones produced by adding a hot metal to push artificially on the bone. According to researchers in China,
such system to read the crack patters were originated in China by observing the crack patters left on the surface
of sands after the flood of the Yellow River in China passed out. It is interesting to find that the advocated
pattern in China is looked quite similarly as we can see in one of the Babylonian right side patters above illustrated that was one thousand or more years older than the evidence from China.
新バビロニア（カルデア）王国では、巨大な
建築が行われ、ギリシャのヘロドトスが紀元前450年ころにバビロニアを訪れて書いた紀行文によると、バビロンは
大きな四角の街路の一辺が22キロ・メートルもある巨大都市であるといいます。城壁の高さは百メートルで厚さが
三十メートルで合計百個の門があり、門扉はいずれも青銅製の堅固なものと記載しています。また八階建ての石積みの
建物も存在したと記載しています。現在発掘された遺跡には多くの三階建て、四階建ての建築物が存在しますが
八階建ては確認されていません。また、城壁は崩れて高さは確認できませんが、基礎の厚さは約30メートルである
ことが確認されています。有名なバベルの塔の建設が行われた他に、後世にアラブ（イスラム）の文化として発達した
ものの原型になる芸術が発達しました。図は新バビロニア王宮の装飾の一部です。
